Social and Cultural Imaginaries of Cattle Ranchers in a Territory in Conflict
Main Article Content
Extensive cattle ranching in Caquetá is the economic activity that contributes most to the department’s GDP. However, it is also the productive system to which most environmental problems are attributed. The cattle ranchers participating in the study have been interested in moving towards the implementation of Silvopastoral Systems (SSP) but have encountered several barriers and limitations to their adoption. The objective of the manuscript is to analyze the sociocultural imaginaries concerning the adoption of SSP. The study was qualitative; in-depth interviews were conducted, and the data were processed using Greimasian semiotics and the qualitative data processing software ATLAS.ti 23. The main findings indicate that the intermittency of the intervention processes, the lack of sufficient capital, and the scourge of conflict have been determining factors in the non-adoption of SSPs.
Abeldaño Zuñiga, R. A., Lima, G. N. y González Villoria, A. M. (2021). Impact of slow-onset events related to Climate Change on food security in Latin America and the Caribbean. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 50, 215-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2021.04.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2021.04.011
Alvarado Sandino, C., Barnes, A., Sepúlveda, I., Garratt, M. P., Thompson, J. y Escobar-Tello, M. (2023). Examining factors for the adoption of silvopastoral agroforestry in the Colombian Amazon. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 12252. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39038-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39038-0
Andrade-Frich, B. y Ortiz-Espejel, B. (2005). Semiótica, educación y gestión ambiental. Universidad Iberoamericana.
Arciniegas-Torres, S. P. y Flórez-Delgado, D. F. (2018). Estudio de los sistemas silvopastoriles como alternativa para el manejo sostenible de la ganadería. Ciencia y Agricultura, 15(2), 107-116. https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v15.n2.2018.8687 DOI: https://doi.org/10.19053/01228420.v15.n2.2018.8687
Banerjee, O., Cicowiez, M., Vargas, R., Obst, C., Rojas Cala, J., Alvarez-Espinosa, A., Melo, S., Riveros, L., Romero, G. y Sáenz Meneses, D. (2021). Gross domestic product alone provides misleading policy guidance for post-conflict land use trajectories in Colombia. Ecological Economics, 182, 106929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106929 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106929
Blume, L. R. (2021). Narco Robin Hoods: Community support for illicit economies and violence in rural Central America. World Development, 143, 105464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105464 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105464
Bonaudo, T., Piraux, M. y Gameiro, A. H. (2021). Analysing intensification, autonomy and efficiencies of livestock production through nitrogen flows: A case study of an emblematic Amazonian territory. Agricultural Systems, 190, 103072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103072 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103072
Bosi, C., Macedo Pezzopane, J. R. y Sentelhas, P. C. (2020). Silvopastoral system with Eucalyptus as a strategy for mitigating the effects of climate change on Brazilian pasturelands. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 92(1), e20180425. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180425 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180425
Bruce-Jones, T. y Smith, M. (2021). Coca, Clausewitz, and Colombia: The inadequacy of micro-level studies in explaining FARC violence against civilians during the Colombian civil war. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 44(12), 994-1021. https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2019.1616927 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1057610X.2019.1616927
Buitrago Rojas, A. P., Delgadillo Wilson, C. C. y Soto Urrea, H. (2020). Imaginarios sociales. Lecturas sobre el lenguaje, la subjetividad y la política en la vida rural, urbana y digital. Ediciones USTA. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2kg153k DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2kg153k
Cardinael, R., Cadisch, G., Gosme, M., Oelbermann, M. y van Noordwijk, M. (2021). Climate change mitigation and adaptation in agriculture: Why agroforestry should be part of the solution. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 319, 107555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107555 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107555
Casanova, F. e Higuera-Acevedo, C. L. (2018). Caquetá: De Territorio de Guerra a Territorio de Paz. Revista Colombiana de Bioética, 13(3), 17-37. https://doi.org/10.18270/rcb.v13i3.2480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18270/rcb.v13i3.2480
Castano-Echeverri, A. (2022). Censorship, clientelism and bureaucracy: Production cultures in Colombian state-owned media system. Media, Culture & Society, 44(6), 1166-1181. https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221077167 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221077167
Castro‐Nunez, A., Buriticá, A., Gonzalez, C., Villarino, E., Holmann, F., Perez, L., Del Río, M., Sandoval, D., Eufemia, L., Löhr, K., Durango, S., Romero, M., Lana, M., Sotelo, S., Rivera, O., Loboguerrero, A. M. y Quintero, M. (2021). The risk of unintended deforestation from scaling sustainable livestock production systems. Conservation Science and Practice, 3(9), e495. https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.495 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.495
Charmaz, K. (2006). Construyendo una teoría fundamentada: Una guía práctica a través del análisis cualitativo. Salvia.
Clerici, N., Armenteras, D., Kareiva, P., Botero, R., Ramírez-Delgado, J. P., Forero-Medina, G., Ochoa, J., Pedraza, C., Schneider, L., Lora, C., Gómez, C., Linares, M., Hirashiki, C. y Biggs, D. (2020). Deforestation in Colombian protected areas increased during post-conflict periods. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 4971. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61861-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61861-y
Condé, T. M., Tonini, H., Higuchi, N., Higuchi, F. G., Lima, A. J. N., Barbosa, R. I., Dos Santos Pereira, T. y Haas, M. A. (2022). Effects of sustainable forest management on tree diversity, timber volumes, and carbon stocks in an ecotone forest in the northern Brazilian Amazon. Land Use Policy, 119, 106145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106145 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106145
Cortner, O., Garrett, R. D., Valentim, J. F., Ferreira, J., Niles, M. T., Reis, J. y Gil, J. (2019). Perceptions of integrated crop-livestock systems for sustainable intensification in the Brazilian Amazon. Land Use Policy, 82, 841-853. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.01.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.01.006
Demuru, P. (2022). Qanons, anti-vaxxers, and alternative health influencers: a cultural semiotic perspective on the links between conspiracy theories, spirituality, and wellness during the Covid-19 pandemic. Social Semiotics, 32(5), 588-605. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2022.2157170 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2022.2157170
De-Sousa, K. T., Deniz, M., Hill, J. A. G., Dittrich, J. R. y Hötzel, M. J. (2023). Tree arrangements for silvopastoral system: Livestock advisors’ knowledge and attitudes. Agroforestry Systems, 97(6), 1143-1156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-023-00853-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-023-00853-z
Drucker, A. G. y Ramírez, M. (2020). Payments for agrobiodiversity conservation services: An overview of Latin American experiences, lessons learned and upscaling challenges. Land Use Policy, 99, 104810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104810 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104810
Ganzenmüller, R., Sylvester, J. M. y Castro-Nunez, A. (2022). What Peace Means for Deforestation: An Analysis of Local Deforestation Dynamics in Times of Conflict and Peace in Colombia. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 803368. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.803368 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.803368
García, R. (1986). Conceptos Básicos para el Estudio de Sistemas Complejos. En E. Leff (Coord.), Los Problemas del Conocimiento y la Perspectiva Ambiental del Desarrollo (pp. 381-409). Siglo XXI.
González-González, A., Villegas, J. C., Clerici, N. y Salazar, J. F. (2021). Spatial-temporal dynamics of deforestation and its drivers indicate need for locally-adapted environmental governance in Colombia. Ecological Indicators, 126, 107695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107695 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107695
Greenwood, P. L. (2021). Review: An overview of beef production from pasture and feedlot globally, as demand for beef and the need for sustainable practices increase. Animal, 15, 100295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2021.100295 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2021.100295
Gutiérrez, E. D. (2021). Criminal entrepreneurs as pioneers, intermediaries, and arbitrageurs in borderland economies. International Journal of Drug Policy, 89, 103091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103091 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103091
Hanson-DeFusco, J. (2023). What data counts in policymaking and programming evaluation – Relevant data sources for triangulation according to main epistemologies and philosophies within social science. Evaluation and Program Planning, 97, 102238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2023.102238 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2023.102238
Higuera Carrillo, E. L. (2022). Key aspects in agro-projects with a commercial approach: An approach from the epistemological conceptions of the rural agricultural problem in Colombia. Región Científica, 1(1), 20224. https://doi.org/10.58763/rc20224 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58763/rc20224
Jara-Rojas, R., Russy, S., Roco, L., Fleming-Muñoz, D. y Engler, A. (2020). Factors affecting the adoption of agroforestry practices: Insights from silvopastoral systems of Colombia. Forests, 11(6), 648. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11060648 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f11060648
Kenning, D. (2021). Exploratory diagramming and diagram theory: Greimas, Peirce and Châtelet. Journal of Visual Art Practice, 20(3), 177-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/14702029.2021.1951586 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14702029.2021.1951586
Kinneen, L., Escobar, M. P., Hernandez, L. M., Thompson, J., Ramos‐Pastrana, Y., Córdoba‐Suarez, E., Romero‐Sanchez, M., Barnes, A., Quintero, M. y Garratt, M. P. (2023). Silvopastoral systems benefit invertebrate biodiversity on tropical livestock farms in Caquetá, Colombia. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 26, 126-134. https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12594 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12594
Latour, B. (2008). Re-ensamblar 10 social. Una introducción a la teoría del actor-red. Manantial.
Lee, S., Bonatti, M., Löhr, K., Palacios, V., Lana, M. A. y Sieber, S. (2020). Adoption potentials and barriers of silvopastoral system in Colombia: Case of Cundinamarca region. Cogent Environmental Science, 6(1), 1823632. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311843.2020.1823632 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311843.2020.1823632
Marín Lleucún, A. (2023). Desde el centro a la selva patagónica, imaginarios sociales y geográficos en la experiencia colonizadora de Quitralco (1953-1960). Diálogo Andino, (71), 195-209. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-26812023000200195 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-26812023000200195
Melo Zamudio, J. C., Hoyos Chavarro, Y. A. y Sánchez Castillo, V. (2022). Systematization of the short circuit marketing experience: Case study Tibasosa, Boyacá. Región Científica, 1(1), 20228. https://doi.org/10.58763/rc20228 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55204/rc.v1i1.29
Mora Pontiluis, D. J., Muñoz Estrada, E. S. y Mora Atencio, E. J. (2023). Implementation of the classroom pedagogical project «Managers of Coexistence and Peace» as a strategy for fostering a culture of peace in children in the department of La Guajira. Región Científica, 2(1), 202355. https://doi.org/10.58763/rc202355 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58763/rc202355
Murillo-Sandoval, P. J., Gjerdseth, E., Correa-Ayram, C., Wrathall, D., Van Den Hoek, J., Dávalos, L. M. y Kennedy, R. (2021). No peace for the forest: Rapid, widespread land changes in the Andes-Amazon region following the Colombian civil war. Global Environmental Change, 69, 102283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102283 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102283
Ntawuruhunga, D., Ngowi, E. E., Mangi, H. O., Salanga, R. J. y Shikuku, K. M. (2023). Climate-smart agroforestry systems and practices: A systematic review of what works, what doesn't work, and why. Forest Policy and Economics, 150, 102937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2023.102937 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2023.102937
Opdenbosch, H. y Hansson, H. (2023). Farmers’ willingness to adopt silvopastoral systems: Investigating cattle producers’ compensation claims and attitudes using a contingent valuation approach. Agroforestry Systems, 97(1), 133-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-022-00793-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-022-00793-0
Pearce, J. (2021). From drugs to peace? Resetting the conversation. International Journal of Drug Policy, 89, 103024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103024
Peñaranda Currie, I., Otero-Bahamon, S. y Uribe, S. (2021). What is the state made of? Coca, roads, and the materiality of state formation in the frontier. World Development, 141, 105395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105395 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105395
Pérez, R. (2008). El lado oscuro de la ganadería. Problemas del Desarrollo, 39(154), 217-227.
Pérez Gamboa, A. J., Sánchez Castillo, V. y Gómez Cano, C. A. (2023). Representaciones sociales de un grupo de excombatientes sobre el cumplimiento del Acuerdo de Paz. Pensamiento Americano, 16(31), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.31.651 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21803/penamer.16.31.651
Pittarello, M., Ravetto Enri, S., Lonati, M. y Lombardi, G. (2021). Slope and distance from buildings are easy-to-retrieve proxies for estimating livestock site-use intensity in alpine summer pastures. PLoS One, 16(11), e0259120. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259120 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259120
Pokorny, B., Robiglio, V., Reyes, M., Vargas, R. y Patiño Carrera, C. F. (2021). The potential of agroforestry concessions to stabilize Amazonian forest frontiers: A case study on the economic and environmental robustness of informally settled small-scale cocoa farmers in Peru. Land Use Policy, 102, 105242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105242 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105242
Prem, M., Saavedra, S. y Vargas, J. F. (2020). End-of-conflict deforestation: Evidence from Colombia’s peace agreement. World Development, 129, 104852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104852 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.104852
Ramírez, M. J., Roman, I. E., Ramos, E. y Patrucco, A. S. (2021). The value of supply chain integration in the Latin American agri-food industry: trust, commitment and performance outcomes. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 32(1), 281-301. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLM-02-2020-0097 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJLM-02-2020-0097
Raniolo, S., Sturaro, E. y Ramanzin, M. (2022). Human choices, slope and vegetation productivity determine patterns of traditional alpine summer grazing. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 21(1), 1126-1139. https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2022.2097453 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2022.2097453
Ripoll Rivaldo, M. (2023). University social entrepreneurship as a development strategy for people, communities and territories. Región Científica, 2(2), 202379. https://doi.org/10.58763/rc202379 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58763/rc202379
Rodríguez, C. (2018). Las tierras profundas de la “lucha contra las drogas” en Colombia: La ley y la violencia estatal en la vida de los pobladores rurales del Caquetá. Revista Colombiana de Sociología, 41(1Supl), 105-133. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcs.v41n1Supl.66292 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15446/rcs.v41n1Supl.66292
Rojas Herrera, I. y Dessein, J. (2023). ‘We are not Drug Traffickers, We are Colombian Peasants’: The voices and history of cocaleros in the substitution programme of illicit crops in Colombia. Geoforum, 141, 103734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103734 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103734
Sales-Baptista, E. y Ferraz-de-Oliveira, M. I. (2021). Grazing in silvopastoral systems: multiple solutions for diversified benefits. Agroforestry Systems, 95, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-020-00581-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-020-00581-8
Sanabria Martínez, M. J. (2022). Construction of new sustainable spaces respecting cultural diversity at the local level. Región Científica, 1(1), 20222. https://doi.org/10.58763/rc20222 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58763/rc20222
Santos, A. M. D., Silva, C. F. A. D., Almeida Junior, P. M. D., Rudke, A. P. y Melo, S. N. D. (2021). Deforestation drivers in the Brazilian Amazon: Assessing new spatial predictors. Journal of Environmental Management, 294, 113020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113020
Schinato, F., Munka, M. C., Olmos, V. M. y Bussoni, A. T. (2023). Microclimate, forage production and carbon storage in a eucalypt-based silvopastoral system. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 344, 108290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2022.108290 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2022.108290
Schoor, C. (2021). Probing into populism’s core: an analysis of the deep semio-linguistic structure underlying populism. Critical Discourse Studies, 18(2), 226-244. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2020.1769698 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2020.1769698
Signori, P. y Flint, D. J. (2020). Revealing the unique blend of meanings in corporate identity: An application of the semiotic square. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 28(1), 26-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2019.1662312 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2019.1662312
Silva‐Parra, A., Trujillo‐González, J. M. y Brevik, E. C. (2021). Greenhouse gas balance and mitigation potential of agricultural systems in Colombia: A systematic analysis. Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology, 11(3), 554-572. https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2066 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ghg.2066
Suárez Delucchi, A., Sachet, E., Chavarro, M. J. y Paula Escobar, M. (2022). Becoming a ‘good producer’ in the agri-environmental project economy. Journal of Rural Studies, 96, 207-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.10.025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.10.025
Sun, Y., Liang, C. y Chang, C. C. (2020). Online social construction of Taiwan's rural image: Comparison between Taiwanese self-representation and Chinese perception. Tourism Management, 76, 103968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.103968 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.103968
Sylvester, J., Valencia, J., Verchot, L. V., Chirinda, N., Sanchez, R., Antonio, M., Quintero, M. y Castro-Nunez, A. (2020). A rapid approach for informing the prioritization of degraded agricultural lands for ecological recovery: A case study for Colombia. Journal for Nature Conservation, 58, 5921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125921 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2020.125921
Tschopp, M., Ceddia, M. G., Inguaggiato, C., Bardsley, N. O. y Hernández, H. (2020). Understanding the adoption of sustainable silvopastoral practices in Northern Argentina: What is the role of land tenure? Land Use Policy, 99, 105092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105092
Vanegas-Cubillos, M., Sylvester, J., Villarino, E., Pérez-Marulanda, L., Ganzenmüller, R., Löhr, K., Bonatti, M. y Castro-Nunez, A. (2022). Forest cover changes and public policy: A literature review for post-conflict Colombia. Land Use Policy, 114, 105981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.105981 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.105981
Van Uhm, D., South, N. y Wyatt, T. (2021). Connections between trades and trafficking in wildlife and drugs. Trends in Organized Crime, 24(4), 425-446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-021-09416-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12117-021-09416-z
Wilkens, P., Munsell, J. F., Fike, J. H., Pent, G. J. y Frey, G. E. (2022). Is livestock producers’ interest in silvopasture related to their operational perspectives or characteristics? Agroforestry Systems, 96(3), 541-551. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00664-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-021-00664-0
Wrathall, D. J., Devine, J., Aguilar-González, B., Benessaiah, K., Tellman, E., Sesnie, S., Nielsen, E., Magliocca, N., McSweeney, K., Pearson, Z., Ponstingel, J., Sosa, A. R. y Dávila, A. (2020). The impacts of cocaine-trafficking on conservation governance in Central America. Global Environmental Change, 63, 102098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2020.102098
Zambrano-Cortés, D. G. y Behagel, J. H. (2023). The political rationalities of governing deforestation in Colombia. Forest Policy and Economics, 154, 103029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2023.103029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2023.103029
Similar Articles
- Andrea Lampis, Laura Kiku Rodríguez, Colombia Between The Local and The Global: Regional Insertion Within The New Global Economy , Sociedad y Economía: No. 22 (2012): Estado, mercado y sociedad. Dinámicas Latinoamericanas
- Yazmín Rojas Lenis, The History of Protected Areas in Colombia, their Forms of Government and Governance Alternatives , Sociedad y Economía: No. 27 (2014): Artículos
- María Paz Valdebenito González, The Plea for the Reapropriation of Nature: Towards the New Forms of Biotechnological Capital , Sociedad y Economía: No. 25 (2013): Sociedad, economía y ambiente
- Minor Mora, Gustavo A. Urbina Cortés, Ciudadanía activa y la transición a la adultez en México , Sociedad y Economía: No. 33 (2017): Número 33 (Julio - Diciembre 2017): Ciudades y regiones en un mundo de elevada complejidad
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Revista sociedad y economía editada por la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Económicas de la Universidad del Valle se encuentra bajo una Licencia Internacional Creative Commons Atribución - No comercial 4.0
Basada en una obra en http://sociedadyeconomia.univalle.edu.co