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This article examines intergenerational educational mobility for black middle classes in Bogotá, Cali and the total of the thirteen metropolitan areas. This work uses mobility tables, models of first-order Markov and probability transition matrices. The findings show that afrocolombian middle classes facing greater immobility compared to the no afrocolombian middle classes. This suggests the presence of racial/ethnic discrimination in general, but with stronger effects in Bogotá.

Viáfara López, C. A., Estacio Moreno, A., & González Aguiar, L. M. (2011). Racial/ethnic status, gender and social mobility in Bogota, Cali and thirteen metropolitan areas of Colombia: a descriptive and econometric analysis. Sociedad Y Economía, (18), 113–136. Retrieved from https://sociedadyeconomia.univalle.edu.co/index.php/sociedad_y_economia/article/view/4166